Expert Insight: Sorting it Out
By Cliff Holste
Date: October 28, 2009

Logistics News: Understanding The Common ROI Pitfalls Involved in DC System Automation Projects and How to Avoid Them

 

Tips on How To Make Good On The Promised Return-On-Investment For Your ACP Project

Supply Chain Digest / Distribution Digest recently published a report on Automated Case Picking (ACP) solutions that has generated considerable interest (to download the report, go to Automated Case Picking 2009: The Next Frontier In Distribution Center Management).

Interviews and feedback received from logistics executives clearly indicates that while they see the potential ACP offers for their operations, there is some understandable concern relative to actually satisfying the expected ROI.

So, if you’re feeling somewhat perplexed about how to ensure your ACP project will deliver the expected ROI, you have good reason to be concerned. This is because there are factors in “real” project life, irrespective of the type of system, that alter the flow of cash and depending on exactly how those factors play out determines how close the project comes to its promised ROI.

 

Delayed Gratification


Only when companies buy an off-the-shelf machine that can be plugged-in and turned-on do they get instantaneous savings following the lump sum investment. For custom designed system projects like ACP, the costs for engineering, progress payments and installation are typically spread over 1 to 2 years, before the operation can even begin. Only then can the company start to enjoy the productivity gains and resultant savings.

A lot can happen, and usually does over that period of time. So, it's important to factor in things like cost escalation and the inevitable delayed start-up. Start-up delays are perhaps the most common, and most insidious, project event. The loss of expected savings in the first year, probably accompanied by additional costs for de-bugging and work-around operations, can drop the ROI below what would have been approved in the first place.

Other common ways to disrupt a project's return include cost escalation, change orders, and/or overruns. By the time you finally get things up and running, you may have spent more than the originally justified investment. Although cost overruns certainly do affect the ROI, unless they are extreme, there impact is typically less painful than a project delay.

It Depends On Volume


Then there's the matter of unrealized savings. The system will be designed to handle forecasted peak demands for some year in the future. Consequently, the actual annual savings will fluctuate with volume, usually beginning small in the first year, and then gradually rising as business increases. This should be reflected in the initial calculations, but will yield a much smaller ROI. If business changes such that the projected volume levels never materialize, that too, will reduce the actual ROI.

In addition, it’s very important that you understand the difference between Actual Rate verses Demonstrable Rate, and what part they each play in your project’s ROI. See the Distribution Digest article – What is the Relationship between Material Handling System Performance and Actual ROI?

Proceed With Caution


Does all of this mean that logistics companies should shy away from automation projects? Not at all! If you don't invest in the future, it will surely be bleak. Instead, observe the following important principles when working through the financials of your ACP project.

 

  • If the project won't fly with a realistic budget, then don't start.
  • If the system is large or especially complex, it may be a good idea to divide the project into steps or phases that are more readily manageable. This approach also allows for some adjustments to be made to future phases to accommodate business, system design, and/or operational changes. The ACP solutions described in the report (referenced at the top of this article) are for the most part modular and scalable, and are well suited for a phased project approach.
  • Be a clock-watcher. Time is everything.
  • To help ensure that your project stays on budget and on schedule, an experience Project Manager (PM) must be a key player throughout the design and implementation phases. A PM is most often included as part of the system providers services. But, you need to understand that the provider’s PM works for the benefit of the provider. To increase your comfort level, you can hire a consultant or industry expert to provide independent PM services. See – Who is really in Charge of Project Management for your Materials Handling System in Distribution?
  • Prepare for extra help and training at start-up to avoid costly delays.

This last point cannot be over stressed. In addition to the PM, an internal startup support task force should be assembled well in advance of the project completion date. The mission of the multi-discipline task force is to provide all the technical and management resources needed to keep the project moving forward and on schedule. Planning for the task force early in the life of the project helps to ensure that the right personnel are available when they are needed. When people unfamiliar with the original planning and system design are brought on board in the late stages of the project, there is a danger that overall system objectives, no matter how well documented, will not be fully understood or properly supported and implemented.


Final Thoughts


Be cautious, but be bold - ACP represents the future of materials handling automation in the DC. There has been an enormous amount of R&D spent in the development of ACP technologies and in the application of advanced methods and processes designed to deliver the highest level of system performance and productivity. You can be assured that providers of ACP realize what’s at stake for them as well as for you – both parties have skin in the game.


Agree or disgree with Holste's perspective? What would you add? Let us know your thoughts for publication in the SCDigest newsletter Feedback section, and on the website. Upon request, comments will be posted with the respondent's name or company withheld.

You can also contact Holste directly to discuss your material handling or distribution challenges at the Feedback button below.


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profile About the Author
Cliff Holste is Supply Chain Digest's Material Handling Editor. With more than 30 years experience in designing and implementing material handling and order picking systems in distribution, Holste has worked with dozens of large and smaller companies to improve distribution performance.
 
Visit SCDigest's New Distribution Digest web page for the best in distribution management and material handling news and insight.

Holste Says:


Be cautious, but be bold - ACP represents the future of materials handling automation in the DC.


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