At some level of volume in tagging requirements, it becomes less expensive to apply the tags at a case level (the initial focus of Wal-Mart’s EPC RFID program) in manufacturing than in distribution, even if the result is many cases are tagged which do not need to be tagged for a retail customer. Tagging in production would also provide a platform for consumer goods companies to use RFID in their own logistics operations.
But with the Wal-Mart stores program basically collapsing as it was initially defined, and no other US retailers implementing RFID programs, no manufacturers were anywhere close to reaching a “tipping point.” In fact, tagging at any level dropped off dramatically and, for most, the Sam’s Club requirements, for now at the pallet level only, were considered a relatively minor nuisance.
But a funny thing has happened. Sam’s Club has invested in RFID and related automation in its own DCs, and therefore reached a “tipping point” where it will be much cheaper for it to perform the pallet tagging than it will be for its vendors.
Sam’s Club has a process today to put its own serialized bar code label, in addition to any label applied by the manufacturer, on each incoming pallet. It is not clear, but it is likely that the Sam’s system uses an automated print and apply device to automate label generation and application.
That same process and another printer applicator (or standard printer) could therefore also be used to create an EPC label if one is missing. Hence, the incremental cost to Sam’s Club for tagging is the cost of the label and perhaps a little overhead – which the chain has apparently calculated at just 12 cents per pallet.
That approach clearly does not enable Sam’s to use RFID as part of the DC receiving process, but the focus for the division is much more oriented towards the stores – store receiving, putaway, and inventory location. There is little or no discussion of benefits to the DCs.
So, the rational choice for manufacturers for now may be to let Sam’s Club take advantage of its scale and investments and do the tagging for them at a cost few manufacturers could match. It will take a lot of 12-cent fines to add up to real money.
The challenges will become much harder, however, if and when Sam’s Club enforces its stated intention of requiring EPC tagging at the “selling unit” level, with the ultimate plan to RFID-enable the check-out process. Selling unit tagging will need to be done by the manufacturers. Sam’s Club, which earlier had set some deadlines for selling unit tagging, is now saying those deadlines are “under review.”
Are you surprised by the drop in Sam’s Club compliance penalties? Will it be smart for manufacturers to simply let Sam’s do the tagging for them? Are there likely to be other scenarios where it makes the greatest total economic sense for the customer, rather than the supplier, to do the tagging? Let us know your thoughts at the Feedback button below. |